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- $Unique_ID{BRK02421}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{What Is an Antihistamine and How Does It Work?}
- $Subject{antihistamines runny nose itching swelling antihistamine histamines
- allergic reactions antigen allergy mast cells rhinorrhea lungs airways
- bronchioles wheezing breathing skin redness nasal congestion medicine
- medicines medication medications lung bronchi running allergies}
- $Volume{R-5,R-20}
- $Log{
- The Process of an Allergic Reaction*0001201.scf
- Histamine Release Causes Allergy Symptoms*0001202.scf}
-
- Copyright (c) 1992,1993 Tribune Media Services, Inc.
-
-
- What Is an Antihistamine and How Does It Work?
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-
- QUESTION: I am confused by the use of antihistamines. It seems that they are
- used for many different symptoms, from runny noses to itching and swelling.
- Just what is an antihistamine, and could you describe just how they work in
- words I might understand? I thank you for your response.
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- ANSWER: To understand the working of antihistamines, you need to know just a
- bit about the role played by histamines in allergic reactions. The first
- knowledge of some of these actions were first described by Sir Henry Dale, who
- won a Nobel prize for his contributions to medical science in 1936.
- When a antigen (or allergy provoking substance) comes in contact with the
- surface of certain cells in the body (called "mast" cells) a substance called
- histamine is released. Then this histamine attaches to receptors on
- surrounding cells, which provoke the common allergic reactions we have come to
- recognize
- The responses are different depending upon the organ system involved. In
- the nose, they are sneezing, itching and rhinorrhea (runny nose). When
- histamine is released in the lungs, the airways (bronchioles) constrict
- causing wheezing and breathing difficulty. Reactions in the skin include
- redness, swelling and itching.
- Antihistamines are chemicals that attach to the receptors that are
- normally reserved for histamine, and so the reactions are prevented or
- blocked. Itching is relieved and the nasal congestion is reduced. But there
- is a problem in this very complex system. When the mast cells are stimulated
- by the antigens, other types of chemicals which affect blood vessels and
- smooth muscle and play a role in allergic reactions, are also released.
- Unfortunately antihistamines have no effect on these other factors, and so
- treating the symptoms only with antihistamines may not offer complete relief
- of the symptoms provoked by the allergy.
-
- ----------------
-
- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
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-